Overview of the Weekly Reading: Tazriah,
Metzorah
To be read on the Shabbat of 1 Iyar, 5762 (April 13)
Torah: Lev.12:1-15:33; Num. 28:9-15
Haftorah: Isaiah 66 (for Rosh Chodesh)
Pirkei Avot: Chapter
Two
This week is a 'double-header'.
Tazriah (Lev. 12:1-13:59) opens with childbirth
laws, followed by a long discussion of the distinguishing signs of tzara'as*
on skin, hair, and garments.
Metzorah (Lev. 14:1-15:33) discusses the process of purification
for a metzora (one having tzara'as), the poor metzora's offering, tzara'as
on houses, and concludes with laws about male and female discharges
which cause impurity and means of attaining purification from these.
*tzara'as is a discoloration appearing on skin, hair, garments, and
houses, and is sometimes (inaccurately) translated as leprosy
FROM THE CHASSIDIC REBBES
Tazria
"If a man shall have on the skin of his flesh." (13:2)
The plague of leprosy appeared only "on the skin of his flesh"--on
the most external part of a person. Years ago, when G-d afflicted someone
with leprosy as a punishment for his deeds, it affected only his most
external self, for the inner person was spiritually healthy and not deserving
of punishment. Nowadays we have no such phenomenon, as the Biblical leprosy
differed form the modern-day disease bearing the same name. In our time,
it's not just the external part of ourselves we must work on and purify.
(Sefer Maamarim)
Metzorah
"This is the law concerning the leper
" (14:2)
The Torah portion is called Metzora--"Leper"--though it deals
primarily with the purification process of an afflicted individual. This
teaches us that the affliction was not only a punishment for slander,
but to cause one to repent. Accordingly, the leprosy was actually part
of the purification process, for once detected one was prompted to change.
(Lubavitcher Rebbe)
FROM THE MASTERS OF KABBALAH (O:27.28-62/Taziah,
Metzorah)
Selected with permission from the five-volume English
edition of Ohr HaChaim: the Torah Commentary of Rabbi Chaim Ben Attar,
as translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk.
The holy Rabbi Chayim ben Moses Attar was born in Sale, Western Morocco,
on the Atlantic in 1696. His immortal commentary on the Five Books Of
Moses, Or Hachayim, was printed in Venice in 1741, while the author was
on his way to the Holy Land. He acquired a reputation as a miracle worker,
hence his title "the holy," although some apply this title only
to his Torah commentary.
Tazria
"A woman who brings forth seed by giving birth to a male child, she
shall be ritually unclean for seven days
" [12:2]
The inadequacy of the Jewish people at the time of the Exodus is underlined
in Deut. 4:34 where G-d describes the Exodus as wrenching one people from
the midst of the same people, something that made it legally difficult
for G-d to justify taking the Israelites out of Egypt when He did. That
redemption had been described only in female terms and that is why it
did not endure in the end and the Temple was destroyed.
Not so the redemption of the future which will occur as a direct result
of Israel's merits. First and foremost among those merits is Israel's
preoccupation with Torah as described in Deut. 31:21 something that will
never be forgotten even during a protracted period of exile.
The Torah continues: "she shall be ritually unclean for seven days,"
the mother contracts ritual impurity as a result of giving birth.
Here the Torah alludes to the way G-d initiates a process which culminates
in the rehabilitation of Israel so that it will attain a spiritual level
that qualifies for the description zachar (male). The days mentioned
here are to be understood as seven years similar to Genesis 24:55 where
Laban and his mother wanted Rebecca to delay her departure by "yamim"
(days) i.e. a year.
The years which are viewed as the "chevleh mashiach"
- the birth pangs of Messiah, last for seven years during which Israel
will be refined spiritually in preparation of his arrival. He will make
his appearance during the eighth year.
On he eight day, at the beginning of the eight day (year), the baby is
to have its foreskin removed, i.e. the concept of a foreskin which acts
as a barrier between man and G-d will be removed from the universe.
We read in Zachariah 13:2 that G-d will destroy the spirit of impurity
form the earth. This will occur during the eight year. It is well known
that conceptually the foreskin is identical with the forces of the klippah,
the spiritually negative emanations.
When the Torah wrote the word unclean, describing the state of the mother,
this is a simile for the afflictions experienced during the birth pangs
of the Messiah.
Metzorah
"Examine the leper to determine that the leprous mark has healed.
The priest shall then order
" [14:3-4]
As soon as G-d sees that the sin which was the cause of the plague (the
exile under the dominion of the Gentiles) has been healed, "The priest
shall then order
" G-d will issue directives for two birds to
be taken, etc. These two birds represent the two Messiahs, the Mashiach
ben Yoseph and the Mashiach ben David. The reason the Messiah
is called a bird is that this is a description for souls in the higher
regions.
The Zohar on Parshat Balak, (Numbers 24:17) quotes another example
of the Messiah being called a 'bird': "From this cave there emerges
a very great bird which will rule over the world and the kingdom will
be handed over to him." All these expressions are euphemisms for
celestial forces, as every student of the Kabbala is aware of.
We have found that the first Messiah will be from the tribe of Ephraim
who will nevertheless die while revealing himself; he will be followed
by the Messiah descended from David.
When the Torah speaks of G-d taking "two birds which are pure,"
these words are similies for the two kinds of Messiah.
An
essay from Rabbi Shaul Yosef Leiter
This week we read both Tazria and Metzora. It is interesting to think
about why the three previous portions speak about offerings in the Temple
of animals and plants, and only now does the Torah begin to speak about
man; how we become impure and the process of purification. The Midrash
(Rabba, beginning of Tazria) explains: Just like the forming of man was
only after all the other domestic animals, wild animals and birds of the
creation, so too, the Torah teachings of man are explained only after
the Torah teachings of the domestic animals, wild animals and birds.
Why was man created last? The Talmud (Sanhedrin 38a) gives a few reasons:
Man was created last in order to enter a world already prepared for him
[so that he could immediately enter into the mitzvah of Shabbos;
or similarly, so that he could start his meal immediately, i.e. a demonstration
that the world was created solely for him.] A second reason is that if
man's behavior is inappropriate, it can be said to him: do not be so haughty;
even a mosquito was created before you.
These two reasons express different and opposing traits of man. The first
represents man as the pinnacle of the creation. The second uncovers the
lowliness of man in this world. In the teachings of Kabala, these two
opposing realities within man are expressed as follows: The first, man's
greatness, refers to his Jewish divine soul; the second, his lowliness,
refers to his physical body.
In Tanya (the primary textbook of Chabad Chassidus - chapters 2 &
29), it explains that the soul, which is literally 'a portion of G-d from
above', is what makes man higher than the rest of creation. Even if we
sin, this essential divinity remains with us always. On the other hand,
our (physical) bodies bring us lower even than a mosquito. All of the
other creations fulfill G-d's will automatically. Man however, having
freedom of choice, is the only creation that can rebel. Because of this
innate potential, he is considered the lowest. The Torah's system is to
move from the less to the more complicated. It is easier for the Torah
to control the animal kingdom than the human one.
Understanding the concept of these two elements, the Lubavitcher Rebbe
adds a beautiful teaching:
It is impossible that this dramatic collision of forces does not serve
a unique and spiritually high purpose. From the aspect of the 'physical
body', man can fall lower than any of the other creations. However, specifically
embedded in this possibility is the purpose of creation! It is G-d's will
that the elevated G-dly soul should clothe itself in a lowly body, in
order to sanctify and elevate it.
Man, 'adam,' who was formed from earth (in Hebrew: 'adama'),
should reveal the unique advantage of his soul. Then it will be made clear
that the word 'adama' is really from the word 'adomeh',
which means "similar to". We become 'similar to' the supernal,
we become like G-d when we elevate the physical. The Almighty desires
that we make Him a dwelling place in these lowest worlds.
Shabbat Shalom!
Stats: Tazriah contains
48 positive mitzvot and 48 prohibitive mitzvot. Among the
Weekly Readings,
Tazriah ranks 48 out of 54 in number of verses, 5 in
number of words, and 2 in number of letters
Metsorah contains 42 positive mitzvot and 39 prohibitive
mitzvot. Among the Weekly Readings,
Metsorah ranks 39 out of 54 in number of verses, 11 in
number of words, and 0 in number of letters
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