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Weekly Reading Insights: Shelach
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Overview
of the Torah Reading
To be read on Shabbat Shelach (in Israel, outside of Israel Beha'alotcha)
-19 Sivan 5782 /June 18
Torah: Numbers 13:1-15:41; Haftorah: Joshua 2:1-24 (the
two spies sent to Jericho)
Pirkei Avot:
Chapter 2
Shelach is the 4th Reading out of 10 in Numbers and it
contains 5820 letters, in 1540 words, in 119 verses
Overview: Shelach
begins by relating how Moshe sent the 12 spies to explore the Promised Land.
Ten of the spies subsequently gave an evil report which influenced a majority
of the people. Because of the Jews’ apparent disbelief in G-d’s ability to conquer
the Land, the adult men of that generation were decreed to perish in the desert
during the next 38 years (see the Book of our Heritage for a detailed account).
Despite the decree, a group of Jews defiantly attempted to enter the Holy Land
but were defeated by Amalekites and Canaanites. The next section describes the
details of meal and dough offerings, and communal and individual sin offerings
for committing idolatry inadvertently. Next is the story of a man caught gathering
sticks in violation of Shabbos and his death as consequence. The Reading concludes
with the mitzva to separate challah from dough, to wear fringes (tzitzis) with
a special strand of blue on four cornered garments and not to be drawn after
your heart and eyes.
An
Essay from
Rabbi Shaul Yosef Leiter, Director of Ascent
(for a free weekly email subscription, click
here)
One of the Torah's most dramatic episodes of all its five books is found in
this week's Torah portion, Shlach. The reason the Jewish people spent forty
years in the desert and did not go directly into Israel after the Exodus and
receiving the Torah was because of the negative report of the twelve spies.
"They are a mighty nation that dwells in the Land, and the cities are heavily
fortified" (Bamidbar/Numbers 13:28). There were two spies who opposed the
other ten and spoke in defense of the Land of Israel and G-d. One of them, Caleb,
tried to shout down the others, insisting that the Jewish people would indeed
be able to conquer the Land. Rashi states that Caleb even began to list many
of G-d's miraculous deeds for the Jews-all to convince his brothers that nothing
can hinder G-d's will.
The ten spies continued their attack, "We will not be able to conquer the
people, because they are stronger than us [in Hebrew, mimenu]" (Bamidbar/Numbers
13:31). The Levush [1] explains that the word mimenu ("than us")
can also be pronounced mimeno, meaning, "than Him" - referring
to G-d! These spies implied that even G-d would be unable to conquer the Land
of Israel. This claim seems surprising and audacious, considering that all the
Jews had witnessed G-d's miraculous victories over the Egyptians-and yet the
spies were able to win them over!
What did these spies say to cause such doubt in G-d's abilities? They spoke
of having seen the nefilim in Israel (Bamidbar/Numbers 13:33). Who were the
nefilim that they instilled such panic?
The word nefilim comes from the Hebrew word nofeel, "to fall."
One interpretation (Rashi ibid. Talmud Nidah 61a & Yoma 67b) was that these
nefilim were originally angels who "fell" from Heaven to dwell
among humans at the time of Enoch, 235 years after the creation of the world.
They were extremely powerful angels who came to the physical world in that corrupt
era before the Flood as a Heavenly attempt to prove that temptation and evil
could be resisted. Unfortunately, and all part of the Divine plan, these Heavenly
beings fell further into spiritual corruption than their mortal neighbors, and
eventually led rebellions against G-d. Of course the Jewish nation understood
that G-d was above and beyond all normal barriers and obstacles. However, these
nefilim angels seemed to be a real threat.
The Lubavitcher Rebbe suggests a more subtle reason that successfully integrates
all the other explanations of why the spies opposed entering into Israel. The
desert represented the height of a spiritually focused lifestyle. The Land of
Israel symbolized materiality. The spies were the leaders of the Jewish people
and were concerned for the people's spiritual welfare. They saw how very lofty
angels, the nefilim, had tried and failed to overcome the potent lure
of materialism. These pure beings fell from spiritual heights to the basest
depths. A fortiori, the assumption was that if angels did not succeed, how much
more so would we humans be at great risk and even be unable to pass the test
of overcoming the difficulties of living a physical existence in the Land.
In the Land of Israel the people would be compelled to farm, engage in business,
cook, sew, do laundry, etc. All-consuming mundane tasks they did not perform
in the desert, where G-d took care of everything. The spies saw the desert as
ideal for spiritual development, ostensibly what the Torah really wants from
us. Entering Israel and tending to physical matters could lead to spiritual
harm and be a temptation to the Jewish people. So, better to avoid it completely.
Ultimately, the Jews were punished for believing the spies. It was decreed that
they all wander in the desert for the next forty years, and the men of that
generation between the ages of 20 and 60 perish there.
Yehoshua and Caleb recognized the mistake of the other spies and answered, "...do
not fear the nation of the Land" (Bamidbar/Numbers 14:9). No question that
we are more capable than even the angels. We have a secret weapon. G-d
has placed a G-dly soul within each Jew, thereby giving us the ability not only
to withstand the temptation of being overwhelmed by physicality, but through
the material to instill the world with spirituality. This is what Yehoshua and
Caleb knew and is the message the Torah wants to share with us. Every Jew is
not only strong enough to overcome the lowest physical elements, but can even
transform them into vessels for serving G-d.
This is the true message of the portion of Shlach. As today, when we are seeing
growing anti-Semitism and attacks against the Land of Israel, we must remember
that we have the spiritual power to overcome all obstacles to making this world
a true home for G-d.
May each and every one of us succeed in fulfilling our mission, to make all
aspects of our lives, including the smallest material details, vehicles for
holiness, and may this lead to the immediate redemption.
* * *
A chassid of Rabbi Yechezkel of Kozmir [2] came to ask advice. Should he settle
in a city, where there would be a Jewish community, a synagogue, a mikva (ritual
pool), kosher stores, and Jewish education. Or, in the countryside, amongst
non-Jews, where he had a livelihood available to him?
The rabbi responded, "There is a clear verse in the Torah portion of Shlach
that answers your question!"
The chassid was shocked. The rebbe of Kozmir explained, "Moshe Rabbeinu
(our teacher) instructed the spies to check whether the inhabitants of the Land
lived in camps or in fortified cities (Bamidbar/Numbers 13:19). If they lived
in fortified cities, that would be a sign that they did not rely on their own
power to defend themselves. If they live in open camps or towns, take that as
a sign that they are strong and mighty."
The tzaddik (holy sage) added, "If you think that you are strong
enough to withstand the seductions of your "animal nature", you can
live in the countryside. However, if you are not that spiritually powerful,
you should live in a "fortified city" where there is a communal rabbi,
a shochet (ritual slaughterer), a study hall, synagogue, and all you
would expect from a thriving Jewish community!"
(Adapted from Sichat HaShavua)
Shabbat Shalom, Shaul
(for a free weekly email subscription, click
here)
For last year's essay by Rabbi Leiter on this week's Reading,
see the archive.
FROM
THE SAGES OF KABBALAH ON KabbalaOnline.org
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one sample:
Mystical Classics
By the Sweat of Your
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From Shenei Luchot HaBrit by Rabbi Isaiah Horowitz
"Man does not live by bread alone, rather on all that emanates from the
mouth of G-d."
The Ari explains that the
intake of food enables the soul to remain attached to the body, although the
soul, by definition, does not need to eat for food is something both physical
as well as spiritual. The soul can benefit from those spiritual ingredients
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